The environmental group Friends of the Earth (FOE) misled the public in an anti-fracking leaflet featuring a picture of Grasmere, the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) says.
The shot depicting the famous view from Loughrigg Terrace carried the caption "don't let fracking destroy all of this", even though there are no plans for fracking in the Lake District.
The leaflet also claimed that fracking can cause cancer.
A draft report from the ASA says the charity failed to substantiate its claims about the dangers of the process.
The provisional ruling, which was leaked to The Times, was produced after the ASA received a complaint from energy firm Cuadrilla, which has carried out fracking on the Fylde in Lancashire.
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